/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   MALINI'S LAB — style.css
   IISWBM palette: Navy #1B3A6B | Maroon #8B1A1A | Gold #C8922A
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */

/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   MALINI'S LAB — style.css
   IISWBM palette: Navy #1B3A6B | Maroon #8B1A1A | Gold #C8922A
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
:root {
  --navy:       #1B3A6B;
  --navy-dark:  #122850;
  --navy-light: #2A5298;
  --maroon:     #8B1A1A;
  --maroon-dk:  #6B1010;
  --gold:       #C8922A;
  --gold-light: #F0D99A;
  --white:      #FFFFFF;
  --off-white:  #F4F6FA;
  --light-gray: #EEF1F7;
  --border:     #D0D8E8;
  --text:       #1A1A2E;
  --muted:      #5A6070;
  --shadow-sm:  0 2px 8px rgba(27,58,107,0.10);
  --shadow-md:  0 6px 24px rgba(27,58,107,0.14);
}
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }
body { font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; font-weight: 400; color: var(--text); background: var(--white); overflow-x: hidden; }

/* TOP BANNER */
.top-banner { background: var(--navy-dark); color: rgba(255,255,255,0.7); font-size: 0.72rem; letter-spacing: 0.03em; padding: 0.45rem 3rem; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; }
.top-banner a { color: var(--gold-light); text-decoration: none; }
.top-banner a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

/* NAV */
nav { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 200; background: var(--navy); box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(27,58,107,0.25); }
.nav-inner { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 2rem; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; height: 62px; }
.nav-logo { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.8rem; text-decoration: none; }
.nav-logo-icon { width: 38px; height: 38px; background: var(--maroon); border-radius: 2px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 0.9rem; font-weight: 700; color: white; }
.nav-logo-text { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1.15rem; font-weight: 700; color: white; }
.nav-logo-text span { color: var(--gold-light); }
.nav-links { display: flex; list-style: none; height: 100%; }
.nav-links li a { display: flex; align-items: center; height: 62px; padding: 0 1.1rem; font-size: 0.78rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.82); text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 3px solid transparent; transition: color 0.2s, border-color 0.2s; }
.nav-links li a:hover, .nav-links li a.active { color: var(--gold-light); border-bottom-color: var(--gold); }

/* HERO */
.hero { background: linear-gradient(160deg, var(--navy) 0%, var(--navy-dark) 60%, #0d1f42 100%); min-height: 92vh; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; position: relative; overflow: hidden; }
.hero::before { content: ''; position: absolute; inset: 0; background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,0.025) 1px, transparent 1px), linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255,255,255,0.025) 1px, transparent 1px); background-size: 60px 60px; pointer-events: none; }
.hero::after { content: ''; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; bottom: 0; width: 4px; background: linear-gradient(to bottom, var(--maroon), var(--gold)); }
.hero-left { display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; padding: 5rem 3rem 5rem 5rem; position: relative; z-index: 2; }
.hero-breadcrumb { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; font-size: 0.7rem; letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-light); opacity: 0.8; }
.hero-breadcrumb::before { content: ''; display: block; width: 24px; height: 1px; background: var(--gold); }
.hero-title { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 4vw, 3.8rem); font-weight: 700; color: white; line-height: 1.18; margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
.hero-title span { color: var(--gold-light); }
.hero-subtitle { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1rem; font-style: italic; font-weight: 300; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.65); margin: 1rem 0 1.8rem; line-height: 1.6; max-width: 46ch; border-left: 2px solid var(--maroon); padding-left: 1rem; }
.hero-desc { font-size: 0.88rem; line-height: 1.85; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6); max-width: 44ch; margin-bottom: 2.2rem; }
.hero-btns { display: flex; gap: 1rem; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-bottom: 2.5rem; }

/* Buttons */
.btn-primary { background: var(--maroon); color: white; padding: 0.75rem 1.8rem; font-size: 0.8rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase; text-decoration: none; display: inline-block; border: 2px solid var(--maroon); border-radius: 2px; transition: background 0.2s, transform 0.15s; cursor: pointer; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; }
.btn-primary:hover { background: var(--maroon-dk); border-color: var(--maroon-dk); transform: translateY(-1px); }
.btn-outline { background: transparent; color: white; padding: 0.75rem 1.8rem; font-size: 0.8rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase; text-decoration: none; display: inline-block; border: 2px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.4); border-radius: 2px; transition: all 0.2s; }
.btn-outline:hover { border-color: var(--gold); color: var(--gold-light); }

/* Hero stats */
.hero-stats { display: flex; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12); width: fit-content; }
.hero-stat { padding: 0.9rem 1.6rem; border-right: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12); text-align: center; }
.hero-stat:last-child { border-right: none; }
.hero-stat-num { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--gold-light); line-height: 1; }
.hero-stat-label { font-size: 0.58rem; letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.45); margin-top: 0.25rem; }

/* Group photo */
.hero-right { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 5rem 4rem 5rem 2rem; position: relative; z-index: 2; }
.group-photo-holder { width: 100%; max-width: 500px; aspect-ratio: 4/3; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.04); border: 2px dashed rgba(255,255,255,0.22); border-radius: 4px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: 1.1rem; padding: 2.5rem; position: relative; overflow: hidden; cursor: pointer; transition: border-color 0.3s, background 0.3s; }
.group-photo-holder:hover { border-color: var(--gold); background: rgba(200,146,42,0.05); }
.group-photo-holder::before, .group-photo-holder::after { content: ''; position: absolute; width: 22px; height: 22px; border-color: var(--gold); border-style: solid; }
.group-photo-holder::before { top: 12px; left: 12px; border-width: 2px 0 0 2px; }
.group-photo-holder::after  { bottom: 12px; right: 12px; border-width: 0 2px 2px 0; }
.photo-cam-icon { width: 62px; height: 62px; border-radius: 50%; background: rgba(200,146,42,0.15); display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; }
.photo-cam-icon svg { width: 28px; height: 28px; fill: none; stroke: var(--gold); stroke-width: 1.5; }
.photo-member-icons { display: flex; }
.photo-mini-avatar { width: 36px; height: 36px; border-radius: 50%; border: 2px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.2); overflow: hidden; margin-left: -8px; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.1); }
.photo-mini-avatar:first-child { margin-left: 0; }
.photo-mini-avatar img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.photo-holder-title { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1rem; font-style: italic; font-weight: 300; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.52); text-align: center; }
.photo-holder-sub { font-size: 0.66rem; letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.22); text-align: center; }

/* PAGE WRAP */
.page-wrap { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 2rem; }

/* SECTION HEADER */
.section-header { margin-bottom: 2.5rem; }
.section-eyebrow { font-size: 0.68rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--maroon); margin-bottom: 0.5rem; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.6rem; }
.section-eyebrow::after { content: ''; display: block; width: 32px; height: 2px; background: var(--maroon); }
.section-title { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: clamp(1.7rem, 3vw, 2.4rem); font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); line-height: 1.25; }
.section-rule { width: 48px; height: 3px; background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--maroon), var(--navy)); margin-top: 0.8rem; border-radius: 2px; }

/* ABOUT */
#about { padding: 5rem 0; background: var(--white); }
.about-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 5rem; align-items: start; }
.about-body { font-size: 0.92rem; line-height: 1.9; color: #3a3a4a; margin-top: 1.5rem; }
.about-body p + p { margin-top: 1rem; }

/* PI photo in about */
.pi-photo-frame { width: 140px; height: 140px; border-radius: 50%; overflow: hidden; border: 3px solid var(--gold); box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); margin-bottom: 1.5rem; flex-shrink: 0; }
.pi-photo-frame img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }

/* Social / profile links */
.profile-links { display: flex; gap: 0.6rem; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: 1.5rem; }
.profile-link { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.4rem; padding: 0.35rem 0.85rem; font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase; border: 1px solid var(--border); color: var(--navy); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 2px; background: var(--off-white); transition: all 0.2s; }
.profile-link:hover { background: var(--navy); color: white; border-color: var(--navy); }
.profile-link svg { width: 12px; height: 12px; fill: none; stroke: currentColor; stroke-width: 2; }

.affil-item { display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 1rem; padding: 1.2rem; border: 1px solid var(--border); border-top: none; transition: background 0.2s; }
.affil-item:first-child { border-top: 1px solid var(--border); }
.affil-item:hover { background: var(--off-white); }
.affil-icon { width: 36px; height: 36px; background: var(--navy); border-radius: 2px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; flex-shrink: 0; }
.affil-icon svg { width: 16px; height: 16px; fill: none; stroke: white; stroke-width: 1.8; }
.affil-text h4 { font-size: 0.85rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); line-height: 1.3; }
.affil-text p  { font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 0.15rem; }

.memberships-wrap { margin-top: 2rem; }
.mem-label { font-size: 0.65rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.14em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--navy); margin-bottom: 0.8rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); padding-bottom: 0.4rem; }
.mem-pills { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.5rem; }
.mem-pill { padding: 0.35rem 0.8rem; font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 600; background: var(--navy); color: white; border-radius: 2px; }

/* Teaching & consultancy box */
.info-box { border: 1px solid var(--border); border-left: 3px solid var(--navy); padding: 1rem 1.2rem; margin-top: 1rem; background: var(--off-white); }
.info-box h5 { font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--navy); margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
.info-box p, .info-box li { font-size: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.7; color: var(--muted); }
.info-box ul { padding-left: 1rem; margin-top: 0.3rem; }

/* RESEARCH */
#research { padding: 5rem 0; background: var(--off-white); }
.research-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 1.5rem; margin-top: 2rem; }
.research-card { background: var(--white); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-top: 3px solid var(--navy); padding: 2rem; transition: box-shadow 0.25s, border-top-color 0.25s, transform 0.2s; }
.research-card:hover { box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); border-top-color: var(--maroon); transform: translateY(-3px); }
.research-card-num { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 2rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--light-gray); line-height: 1; margin-bottom: 0.8rem; }
.research-card h3 { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); margin-bottom: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.35; }
.research-card p { font-size: 0.83rem; line-height: 1.75; color: var(--muted); }

/* TEAM */
#team { padding: 5rem 0; background: var(--white); }
.team-group { margin-bottom: 4rem; }
.team-group-header { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1.8rem; padding-bottom: 0.8rem; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border); }
.team-group-badge { background: var(--navy); color: white; font-size: 0.62rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; padding: 0.3rem 0.85rem; border-radius: 2px; }
.tgb-maroon  { background: var(--maroon)  !important; }
.tgb-collab  { background: #6b3a8b        !important; }
.tgb-masters { background: #1a6b5a        !important; }
.tgb-ug      { background: #3a4a6b        !important; }
.team-group-title { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1.1rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); }
.team-group-count { margin-left: auto; font-size: 0.72rem; color: var(--muted); font-style: italic; }

/* PI feature card */
.pi-feature-card { background: var(--off-white); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-left: 4px solid var(--navy); display: grid; grid-template-columns: auto 1fr; gap: 2.5rem; padding: 2.5rem; align-items: start; }
.pi-avatar-wrap { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; gap: 0.7rem; min-width: 130px; }
.avatar-photo { width: 100px; height: 100px; border-radius: 50%; overflow: hidden; border: 3px solid var(--gold); box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); flex-shrink: 0; }
.avatar-photo img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.avatar-photo-sm { width: 72px; height: 72px; }
.pi-status-badge { font-size: 0.62rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase; padding: 0.25rem 0.7rem; background: var(--navy); color: white; border-radius: 20px; white-space: nowrap; }
.pi-details h3 { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1.35rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); margin-bottom: 0.2rem; }
.pi-designation { font-size: 0.8rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--maroon); letter-spacing: 0.03em; margin-bottom: 0.15rem; }
.pi-institution { font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 1.2rem; }
.pi-bio { font-size: 0.85rem; line-height: 1.8; color: #3a3a4a; margin-bottom: 1.2rem; }
.pi-tags { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.4rem; }
.pi-tag { font-size: 0.65rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.04em; padding: 0.25rem 0.7rem; border: 1px solid var(--border); color: var(--navy); background: white; border-radius: 2px; }

/* Member cards */
.members-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 1.5rem; }
.member-card { background: var(--white); border: 1px solid var(--border); padding: 1.8rem 1.5rem; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; text-align: center; gap: 0.6rem; transition: box-shadow 0.2s, transform 0.2s; }
.member-card:hover { box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); transform: translateY(-2px); }
.member-name { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 0.95rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); }
.member-role { font-size: 0.63rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--maroon); }
.member-desc { font-size: 0.78rem; line-height: 1.7; color: var(--muted); }
.member-topic { font-size: 0.72rem; font-style: italic; color: var(--navy); border-top: 1px dashed var(--border); padding-top: 0.6rem; width: 100%; }
.member-links { display: flex; gap: 0.4rem; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: center; }
.member-link { font-size: 0.6rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase; padding: 0.2rem 0.55rem; border: 1px solid var(--border); color: var(--navy); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 2px; transition: all 0.15s; }
.member-link:hover { background: var(--navy); color: white; }

/* Avatar fallback (initials) */
.avatar-circle { width: 72px; height: 72px; border-radius: 50%; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 700; color: white; background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy), var(--navy-light)); border: 2px solid var(--gold); flex-shrink: 0; }

/* Placeholder */
.member-placeholder { border: 1px dashed var(--border); background: var(--off-white); padding: 2rem; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: 0.5rem; text-align: center; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.78rem; font-style: italic; min-height: 160px; }
.member-placeholder svg { opacity: 0.35; }
.member-placeholder span:last-child { font-size: 0.65rem; }

/* PUBLICATIONS */
#publications { padding: 5rem 0; background: var(--off-white); }
.pub-filters { display: flex; gap: 0.5rem; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 2rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.pub-filter-btn { padding: 0.4rem 1rem; font-size: 0.72rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.04em; border: 1px solid var(--border); background: white; color: var(--muted); cursor: pointer; border-radius: 2px; transition: all 0.15s; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; }
.pub-filter-btn:hover, .pub-filter-btn.active { background: var(--navy); border-color: var(--navy); color: white; }
.pub-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.pub-item { background: white; border: 1px solid var(--border); border-top: none; padding: 1.5rem 2rem; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 56px 1fr auto; gap: 1.5rem; align-items: start; transition: background 0.15s; }
.pub-item:first-child { border-top: 1px solid var(--border); }
.pub-item:hover { background: var(--off-white); }
.pub-year { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); padding-top: 0.1rem; }
.pub-body h4 { font-size: 0.9rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); line-height: 1.45; margin-bottom: 0.3rem; }
.pub-meta { font-size: 0.73rem; color: var(--muted); font-style: italic; }
.pub-doi { font-size: 0.68rem; margin-top: 0.25rem; }
.pub-doi a { color: var(--maroon); text-decoration: none; font-style: normal; }
.pub-doi a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.pub-type { font-size: 0.6rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; padding: 0.25rem 0.65rem; border-radius: 2px; white-space: nowrap; margin-top: 0.1rem; }
.pub-type.journal  { background: #e8f0fb; color: var(--navy);   border: 1px solid #c0d0f0; }
.pub-type.conf     { background: #fbe8e8; color: var(--maroon); border: 1px solid #f0c0c0; }
.pub-type.book     { background: #f5f0e0; color: #7a5a10;       border: 1px solid #e0d090; }

/* CONTACT */
#contact { padding: 5rem 0; background: var(--white); }
.contact-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 5rem; align-items: start; }
.contact-block { margin-bottom: 1.8rem; }
.contact-block-label { font-size: 0.65rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.14em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--navy); margin-bottom: 0.4rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); padding-bottom: 0.3rem; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.5rem; }
.contact-block-label::before { content: ''; display: block; width: 4px; height: 4px; background: var(--maroon); border-radius: 50%; }
.contact-block-value { font-size: 0.87rem; line-height: 1.75; color: var(--muted); }
.contact-block-value a { color: var(--navy); font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none; }
.contact-block-value a:hover { color: var(--maroon); text-decoration: underline; }
.contact-form { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 1rem; }
.form-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 1rem; }
.form-field { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0.3rem; }
.form-field label { font-size: 0.68rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--navy); }
.form-field input, .form-field textarea, .form-field select { background: var(--off-white); border: 1px solid var(--border); padding: 0.75rem 1rem; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--text); outline: none; border-radius: 2px; transition: border-color 0.2s, background 0.2s; appearance: none; }
.form-field input:focus, .form-field textarea:focus, .form-field select:focus { border-color: var(--navy); background: white; }
.form-field textarea { min-height: 110px; resize: vertical; }

/* FOOTER */
footer { background: var(--navy-dark); }
.footer-top { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 3rem 2rem 2rem; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr; gap: 4rem; }
.footer-brand h3 { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1.15rem; font-weight: 700; color: white; margin-bottom: 0.3rem; }
.footer-tagline { font-size: 0.68rem; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.3); letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.footer-brand p { font-size: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.7; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.42); margin-top: 0.7rem; max-width: 34ch; }
.footer-links-title { font-size: 0.65rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.14em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-light); margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.footer-links { list-style: none; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0.5rem; }
.footer-links a { font-size: 0.8rem; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.42); text-decoration: none; transition: color 0.2s; }
.footer-links a:hover { color: var(--gold-light); }
.footer-bottom { border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08); padding: 1.2rem 2rem; max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; font-size: 0.72rem; letter-spacing: 0.03em; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.3); }

/* REVEAL */
.reveal { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(20px); transition: opacity 0.6s ease, transform 0.6s ease; }
.reveal.visible { opacity: 1; transform: none; }

/* RESPONSIVE */
@media (max-width: 1024px) { .research-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); } .members-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); } .footer-top { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; } }
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .top-banner { display: none; } .nav-links { display: none; }
  .hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .hero-left { padding: 4rem 2rem 3rem; } .hero-right { display: none; }
  .about-grid, .contact-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 3rem; }
  .research-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .members-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .pi-feature-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .pub-item { grid-template-columns: auto 1fr; } .pub-type { display: none; }
  .form-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .footer-top { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2rem; }
  .footer-bottom { flex-direction: column; gap: 0.5rem; text-align: center; }
}

/* ─── PHOTO STYLES (added for real photos) ─── */

/* PI photo in about section */
.pi-photo-wrap {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.pi-photo {
  width: 130px;
  height: 130px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: top;
  border: 3px solid var(--gold);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.pi-photo-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  justify-content: center;
}
.pi-link-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  padding: 0.4rem 0.9rem;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  color: var(--navy);
  background: var(--off-white);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: 2px;
  transition: background 0.2s, border-color 0.2s;
}
.pi-link-btn:hover { background: var(--navy); color: white; border-color: var(--navy); }
.pi-link-btn svg { width: 13px; height: 13px; fill: none; stroke: currentColor; stroke-width: 2; }

/* PI photo in team card */
.pi-photo-card {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: top;
  border: 3px solid var(--gold);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  display: block;
}

/* Member photo (PhD, collab) */
.member-photo {
  width: 80px;
  height: 80px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: top;
  border: 2px solid var(--border);
  display: block;
}

/* ─── PHOTO STYLES (added for real images) ─── */

/* PI photo in About section */
.pi-photo-wrap {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1.2rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
.pi-photo {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: top;
  border: 3px solid var(--gold);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.pi-photo-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.5rem;
}
.scholar-link, .orcid-link {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.4rem;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--navy);
  transition: color 0.2s;
}
.scholar-link:hover, .orcid-link:hover { color: var(--maroon); }
.scholar-link svg, .orcid-link svg {
  width: 16px; height: 16px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.orcid-link svg { fill: #a6ce39; }

/* PI photo in Team card */
.pi-photo-card {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: top;
  border: 3px solid var(--gold);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  flex-shrink: 0;
  display: block;
}

/* Member photo cards */
.member-photo-wrap {
  width: 72px;
  height: 72px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 2px solid var(--border);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.member-photo {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: top;
  display: block;
}
.photo-card { gap: 0.5rem; }

/* PI external links in team card */
.pi-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.6rem;
  margin-top: 0.8rem;
}
.pi-ext-link {
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--navy);
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: 0.2rem 0.6rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 2px;
  transition: background 0.15s, color 0.15s;
}
.pi-ext-link:hover { background: var(--navy); color: white; }

/* Interest pills (lighter style) */
.mem-pill.interest {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--navy);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
}
.areas-wrap { margin-top: 1.5rem; }

/* Conference list */
.conf-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; margin-top: 1rem; }
.conf-item {
  background: white;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-top: none;
  padding: 1.2rem 2rem;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 56px 1fr;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  align-items: start;
  transition: background 0.15s;
}
.conf-item:first-child { border-top: 1px solid var(--border); }
.conf-item:hover { background: var(--off-white); }
.conf-year {
  font-family: 'Merriweather', serif;
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--maroon);
  padding-top: 0.15rem;
}
.conf-body h4 {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--navy);
  line-height: 1.4;
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}
.conf-meta { font-size: 0.72rem; color: var(--text-muted); font-style: italic; }
/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   MALINI'S LAB — style.css
   IISWBM palette: Navy #1B3A6B | Maroon #8B1A1A | Gold #C8922A
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
:root {
  --navy:       #1B3A6B;
  --navy-dark:  #122850;
  --navy-light: #2A5298;
  --maroon:     #8B1A1A;
  --maroon-dk:  #6B1010;
  --gold:       #C8922A;
  --gold-light: #F0D99A;
  --white:      #FFFFFF;
  --off-white:  #F4F6FA;
  --light-gray: #EEF1F7;
  --border:     #D0D8E8;
  --text:       #1A1A2E;
  --muted:      #5A6070;
  --shadow-sm:  0 2px 8px rgba(27,58,107,0.10);
  --shadow-md:  0 6px 24px rgba(27,58,107,0.14);
}
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }
body { font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; font-weight: 400; color: var(--text); background: var(--white); overflow-x: hidden; }

/* TOP BANNER */
.top-banner { background: var(--navy-dark); color: rgba(255,255,255,0.7); font-size: 0.72rem; letter-spacing: 0.03em; padding: 0.45rem 3rem; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; }
.top-banner a { color: var(--gold-light); text-decoration: none; }
.top-banner a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

/* NAV */
nav { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 200; background: var(--navy); box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(27,58,107,0.25); }
.nav-inner { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 2rem; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; height: 62px; }
.nav-logo { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.8rem; text-decoration: none; }
.nav-logo-icon { width: 38px; height: 38px; background: var(--maroon); border-radius: 2px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 0.9rem; font-weight: 700; color: white; }
.nav-logo-text { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1.15rem; font-weight: 700; color: white; }
.nav-logo-text span { color: var(--gold-light); }
.nav-links { display: flex; list-style: none; height: 100%; }
.nav-links li a { display: flex; align-items: center; height: 62px; padding: 0 1.1rem; font-size: 0.78rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.82); text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 3px solid transparent; transition: color 0.2s, border-color 0.2s; }
.nav-links li a:hover, .nav-links li a.active { color: var(--gold-light); border-bottom-color: var(--gold); }

/* HERO */
.hero { background: linear-gradient(160deg, var(--navy) 0%, var(--navy-dark) 60%, #0d1f42 100%); min-height: 92vh; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; position: relative; overflow: hidden; }
.hero::before { content: ''; position: absolute; inset: 0; background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,0.025) 1px, transparent 1px), linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255,255,255,0.025) 1px, transparent 1px); background-size: 60px 60px; pointer-events: none; }
.hero::after { content: ''; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; bottom: 0; width: 4px; background: linear-gradient(to bottom, var(--maroon), var(--gold)); }
.hero-left { display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; padding: 5rem 3rem 5rem 5rem; position: relative; z-index: 2; }
.hero-breadcrumb { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; font-size: 0.7rem; letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-light); opacity: 0.8; }
.hero-breadcrumb::before { content: ''; display: block; width: 24px; height: 1px; background: var(--gold); }
.hero-title { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 4vw, 3.8rem); font-weight: 700; color: white; line-height: 1.18; margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
.hero-title span { color: var(--gold-light); }
.hero-subtitle { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1rem; font-style: italic; font-weight: 300; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.65); margin: 1rem 0 1.8rem; line-height: 1.6; max-width: 46ch; border-left: 2px solid var(--maroon); padding-left: 1rem; }
.hero-desc { font-size: 0.88rem; line-height: 1.85; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6); max-width: 44ch; margin-bottom: 2.2rem; }
.hero-btns { display: flex; gap: 1rem; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-bottom: 2.5rem; }

/* Buttons */
.btn-primary { background: var(--maroon); color: white; padding: 0.75rem 1.8rem; font-size: 0.8rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase; text-decoration: none; display: inline-block; border: 2px solid var(--maroon); border-radius: 2px; transition: background 0.2s, transform 0.15s; cursor: pointer; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; }
.btn-primary:hover { background: var(--maroon-dk); border-color: var(--maroon-dk); transform: translateY(-1px); }
.btn-outline { background: transparent; color: white; padding: 0.75rem 1.8rem; font-size: 0.8rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase; text-decoration: none; display: inline-block; border: 2px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.4); border-radius: 2px; transition: all 0.2s; }
.btn-outline:hover { border-color: var(--gold); color: var(--gold-light); }

/* Hero stats */
.hero-stats { display: flex; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12); width: fit-content; }
.hero-stat { padding: 0.9rem 1.6rem; border-right: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12); text-align: center; }
.hero-stat:last-child { border-right: none; }
.hero-stat-num { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--gold-light); line-height: 1; }
.hero-stat-label { font-size: 0.58rem; letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.45); margin-top: 0.25rem; }

/* Group photo */
.hero-right { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 5rem 4rem 5rem 2rem; position: relative; z-index: 2; }
.group-photo-holder { width: 100%; max-width: 500px; aspect-ratio: 4/3; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.04); border: 2px dashed rgba(255,255,255,0.22); border-radius: 4px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: 1.1rem; padding: 2.5rem; position: relative; overflow: hidden; cursor: pointer; transition: border-color 0.3s, background 0.3s; }
.group-photo-holder:hover { border-color: var(--gold); background: rgba(200,146,42,0.05); }
.group-photo-holder::before, .group-photo-holder::after { content: ''; position: absolute; width: 22px; height: 22px; border-color: var(--gold); border-style: solid; }
.group-photo-holder::before { top: 12px; left: 12px; border-width: 2px 0 0 2px; }
.group-photo-holder::after  { bottom: 12px; right: 12px; border-width: 0 2px 2px 0; }
.photo-cam-icon { width: 62px; height: 62px; border-radius: 50%; background: rgba(200,146,42,0.15); display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; }
.photo-cam-icon svg { width: 28px; height: 28px; fill: none; stroke: var(--gold); stroke-width: 1.5; }
.photo-member-icons { display: flex; }
.photo-mini-avatar { width: 36px; height: 36px; border-radius: 50%; border: 2px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.2); overflow: hidden; margin-left: -8px; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.1); }
.photo-mini-avatar:first-child { margin-left: 0; }
.photo-mini-avatar img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.photo-holder-title { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1rem; font-style: italic; font-weight: 300; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.52); text-align: center; }
.photo-holder-sub { font-size: 0.66rem; letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.22); text-align: center; }

/* PAGE WRAP */
.page-wrap { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 2rem; }

/* SECTION HEADER */
.section-header { margin-bottom: 2.5rem; }
.section-eyebrow { font-size: 0.68rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--maroon); margin-bottom: 0.5rem; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.6rem; }
.section-eyebrow::after { content: ''; display: block; width: 32px; height: 2px; background: var(--maroon); }
.section-title { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: clamp(1.7rem, 3vw, 2.4rem); font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); line-height: 1.25; }
.section-rule { width: 48px; height: 3px; background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--maroon), var(--navy)); margin-top: 0.8rem; border-radius: 2px; }

/* ABOUT */
#about { padding: 5rem 0; background: var(--white); }
.about-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 5rem; align-items: start; }
.about-body { font-size: 0.92rem; line-height: 1.9; color: #3a3a4a; margin-top: 1.5rem; }
.about-body p + p { margin-top: 1rem; }

/* PI photo in about */
.pi-photo-frame { width: 140px; height: 140px; border-radius: 50%; overflow: hidden; border: 3px solid var(--gold); box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); margin-bottom: 1.5rem; flex-shrink: 0; }
.pi-photo-frame img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }

/* Social / profile links */
.profile-links { display: flex; gap: 0.6rem; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: 1.5rem; }
.profile-link { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.4rem; padding: 0.35rem 0.85rem; font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase; border: 1px solid var(--border); color: var(--navy); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 2px; background: var(--off-white); transition: all 0.2s; }
.profile-link:hover { background: var(--navy); color: white; border-color: var(--navy); }
.profile-link svg { width: 12px; height: 12px; fill: none; stroke: currentColor; stroke-width: 2; }

.affil-item { display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 1rem; padding: 1.2rem; border: 1px solid var(--border); border-top: none; transition: background 0.2s; }
.affil-item:first-child { border-top: 1px solid var(--border); }
.affil-item:hover { background: var(--off-white); }
.affil-icon { width: 36px; height: 36px; background: var(--navy); border-radius: 2px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; flex-shrink: 0; }
.affil-icon svg { width: 16px; height: 16px; fill: none; stroke: white; stroke-width: 1.8; }
.affil-text h4 { font-size: 0.85rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); line-height: 1.3; }
.affil-text p  { font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 0.15rem; }

.memberships-wrap { margin-top: 2rem; }
.mem-label { font-size: 0.65rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.14em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--navy); margin-bottom: 0.8rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); padding-bottom: 0.4rem; }
.mem-pills { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.5rem; }
.mem-pill { padding: 0.35rem 0.8rem; font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 600; background: var(--navy); color: white; border-radius: 2px; }

/* Teaching & consultancy box */
.info-box { border: 1px solid var(--border); border-left: 3px solid var(--navy); padding: 1rem 1.2rem; margin-top: 1rem; background: var(--off-white); }
.info-box h5 { font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--navy); margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
.info-box p, .info-box li { font-size: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.7; color: var(--muted); }
.info-box ul { padding-left: 1rem; margin-top: 0.3rem; }

/* RESEARCH */
#research { padding: 5rem 0; background: var(--off-white); }
.research-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 1.5rem; margin-top: 2rem; }
.research-card { background: var(--white); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-top: 3px solid var(--navy); padding: 2rem; transition: box-shadow 0.25s, border-top-color 0.25s, transform 0.2s; }
.research-card:hover { box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); border-top-color: var(--maroon); transform: translateY(-3px); }
.research-card-num { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 2rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--light-gray); line-height: 1; margin-bottom: 0.8rem; }
.research-card h3 { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); margin-bottom: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.35; }
.research-card p { font-size: 0.83rem; line-height: 1.75; color: var(--muted); }

/* TEAM */
#team { padding: 5rem 0; background: var(--white); }
.team-group { margin-bottom: 4rem; }
.team-group-header { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1.8rem; padding-bottom: 0.8rem; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border); }
.team-group-badge { background: var(--navy); color: white; font-size: 0.62rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; padding: 0.3rem 0.85rem; border-radius: 2px; }
.tgb-maroon  { background: var(--maroon)  !important; }
.tgb-collab  { background: #6b3a8b        !important; }
.tgb-masters { background: #1a6b5a        !important; }
.tgb-ug      { background: #3a4a6b        !important; }
.team-group-title { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1.1rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); }
.team-group-count { margin-left: auto; font-size: 0.72rem; color: var(--muted); font-style: italic; }

/* PI feature card */
.pi-feature-card { background: var(--off-white); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-left: 4px solid var(--navy); display: grid; grid-template-columns: auto 1fr; gap: 2.5rem; padding: 2.5rem; align-items: start; }
.pi-avatar-wrap { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; gap: 0.7rem; min-width: 130px; }
.avatar-photo { width: 100px; height: 100px; border-radius: 50%; overflow: hidden; border: 3px solid var(--gold); box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); flex-shrink: 0; }
.avatar-photo img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.avatar-photo-sm { width: 72px; height: 72px; }
.pi-status-badge { font-size: 0.62rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase; padding: 0.25rem 0.7rem; background: var(--navy); color: white; border-radius: 20px; white-space: nowrap; }
.pi-details h3 { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1.35rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); margin-bottom: 0.2rem; }
.pi-designation { font-size: 0.8rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--maroon); letter-spacing: 0.03em; margin-bottom: 0.15rem; }
.pi-institution { font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 1.2rem; }
.pi-bio { font-size: 0.85rem; line-height: 1.8; color: #3a3a4a; margin-bottom: 1.2rem; }
.pi-tags { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.4rem; }
.pi-tag { font-size: 0.65rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.04em; padding: 0.25rem 0.7rem; border: 1px solid var(--border); color: var(--navy); background: white; border-radius: 2px; }

/* Member cards */
.members-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 1.5rem; }
.member-card { background: var(--white); border: 1px solid var(--border); padding: 1.8rem 1.5rem; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; text-align: center; gap: 0.6rem; transition: box-shadow 0.2s, transform 0.2s; }
.member-card:hover { box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); transform: translateY(-2px); }
.member-name { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 0.95rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); }
.member-role { font-size: 0.63rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--maroon); }
.member-desc { font-size: 0.78rem; line-height: 1.7; color: var(--muted); }
.member-topic { font-size: 0.72rem; font-style: italic; color: var(--navy); border-top: 1px dashed var(--border); padding-top: 0.6rem; width: 100%; }
.member-links { display: flex; gap: 0.4rem; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: center; }
.member-link { font-size: 0.6rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase; padding: 0.2rem 0.55rem; border: 1px solid var(--border); color: var(--navy); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 2px; transition: all 0.15s; }
.member-link:hover { background: var(--navy); color: white; }

/* Avatar fallback (initials) */
.avatar-circle { width: 72px; height: 72px; border-radius: 50%; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 700; color: white; background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy), var(--navy-light)); border: 2px solid var(--gold); flex-shrink: 0; }

/* Placeholder */
.member-placeholder { border: 1px dashed var(--border); background: var(--off-white); padding: 2rem; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: 0.5rem; text-align: center; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.78rem; font-style: italic; min-height: 160px; }
.member-placeholder svg { opacity: 0.35; }
.member-placeholder span:last-child { font-size: 0.65rem; }

/* PUBLICATIONS */
#publications { padding: 5rem 0; background: var(--off-white); }
.pub-filters { display: flex; gap: 0.5rem; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 2rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.pub-filter-btn { padding: 0.4rem 1rem; font-size: 0.72rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.04em; border: 1px solid var(--border); background: white; color: var(--muted); cursor: pointer; border-radius: 2px; transition: all 0.15s; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; }
.pub-filter-btn:hover, .pub-filter-btn.active { background: var(--navy); border-color: var(--navy); color: white; }
.pub-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.pub-item { background: white; border: 1px solid var(--border); border-top: none; padding: 1.5rem 2rem; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 56px 1fr auto; gap: 1.5rem; align-items: start; transition: background 0.15s; }
.pub-item:first-child { border-top: 1px solid var(--border); }
.pub-item:hover { background: var(--off-white); }
.pub-year { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); padding-top: 0.1rem; }
.pub-body h4 { font-size: 0.9rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); line-height: 1.45; margin-bottom: 0.3rem; }
.pub-meta { font-size: 0.73rem; color: var(--muted); font-style: italic; }
.pub-doi { font-size: 0.68rem; margin-top: 0.25rem; }
.pub-doi a { color: var(--maroon); text-decoration: none; font-style: normal; }
.pub-doi a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.pub-type { font-size: 0.6rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; padding: 0.25rem 0.65rem; border-radius: 2px; white-space: nowrap; margin-top: 0.1rem; }
.pub-type.journal  { background: #e8f0fb; color: var(--navy);   border: 1px solid #c0d0f0; }
.pub-type.conf     { background: #fbe8e8; color: var(--maroon); border: 1px solid #f0c0c0; }
.pub-type.book     { background: #f5f0e0; color: #7a5a10;       border: 1px solid #e0d090; }

/* CONTACT */
#contact { padding: 5rem 0; background: var(--white); }
.contact-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 5rem; align-items: start; }
.contact-block { margin-bottom: 1.8rem; }
.contact-block-label { font-size: 0.65rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.14em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--navy); margin-bottom: 0.4rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); padding-bottom: 0.3rem; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.5rem; }
.contact-block-label::before { content: ''; display: block; width: 4px; height: 4px; background: var(--maroon); border-radius: 50%; }
.contact-block-value { font-size: 0.87rem; line-height: 1.75; color: var(--muted); }
.contact-block-value a { color: var(--navy); font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none; }
.contact-block-value a:hover { color: var(--maroon); text-decoration: underline; }
.contact-form { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 1rem; }
.form-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 1rem; }
.form-field { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0.3rem; }
.form-field label { font-size: 0.68rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--navy); }
.form-field input, .form-field textarea, .form-field select { background: var(--off-white); border: 1px solid var(--border); padding: 0.75rem 1rem; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--text); outline: none; border-radius: 2px; transition: border-color 0.2s, background 0.2s; appearance: none; }
.form-field input:focus, .form-field textarea:focus, .form-field select:focus { border-color: var(--navy); background: white; }
.form-field textarea { min-height: 110px; resize: vertical; }

/* FOOTER */
footer { background: var(--navy-dark); }
.footer-top { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 3rem 2rem 2rem; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr; gap: 4rem; }
.footer-brand h3 { font-family: 'Merriweather', serif; font-size: 1.15rem; font-weight: 700; color: white; margin-bottom: 0.3rem; }
.footer-tagline { font-size: 0.68rem; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.3); letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.footer-brand p { font-size: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.7; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.42); margin-top: 0.7rem; max-width: 34ch; }
.footer-links-title { font-size: 0.65rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.14em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-light); margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.footer-links { list-style: none; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0.5rem; }
.footer-links a { font-size: 0.8rem; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.42); text-decoration: none; transition: color 0.2s; }
.footer-links a:hover { color: var(--gold-light); }
.footer-bottom { border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08); padding: 1.2rem 2rem; max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; font-size: 0.72rem; letter-spacing: 0.03em; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.3); }

/* REVEAL */
.reveal { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(20px); transition: opacity 0.6s ease, transform 0.6s ease; }
.reveal.visible { opacity: 1; transform: none; }

/* RESPONSIVE */
@media (max-width: 1024px) { .research-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); } .members-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); } .footer-top { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; } }
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .top-banner { display: none; } .nav-links { display: none; }
  .hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .hero-left { padding: 4rem 2rem 3rem; } .hero-right { display: none; }
  .about-grid, .contact-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 3rem; }
  .research-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .members-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .pi-feature-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .pub-item { grid-template-columns: auto 1fr; } .pub-type { display: none; }
  .form-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .footer-top { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2rem; }
  .footer-bottom { flex-direction: column; gap: 0.5rem; text-align: center; }
}

/* ─── PHOTO STYLES (added for real photos) ─── */

/* PI photo in about section */
.pi-photo-wrap {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.pi-photo {
  width: 130px;
  height: 130px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: top;
  border: 3px solid var(--gold);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.pi-photo-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  justify-content: center;
}
.pi-link-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  padding: 0.4rem 0.9rem;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  color: var(--navy);
  background: var(--off-white);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: 2px;
  transition: background 0.2s, border-color 0.2s;
}
.pi-link-btn:hover { background: var(--navy); color: white; border-color: var(--navy); }
.pi-link-btn svg { width: 13px; height: 13px; fill: none; stroke: currentColor; stroke-width: 2; }

/* PI photo in team card */
.pi-photo-card {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: top;
  border: 3px solid var(--gold);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  display: block;
}

/* Member photo (PhD, collab) */
.member-photo {
  width: 80px;
  height: 80px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: top;
  border: 2px solid var(--border);
  display: block;
}

/* ─── PHOTO STYLES (added for real images) ─── */

/* PI photo in About section */
.pi-photo-wrap {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1.2rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
.pi-photo {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: top;
  border: 3px solid var(--gold);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.pi-photo-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.5rem;
}
.scholar-link, .orcid-link {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.4rem;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--navy);
  transition: color 0.2s;
}
.scholar-link:hover, .orcid-link:hover { color: var(--maroon); }
.scholar-link svg, .orcid-link svg {
  width: 16px; height: 16px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.orcid-link svg { fill: #a6ce39; }

/* PI photo in Team card */
.pi-photo-card {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: top;
  border: 3px solid var(--gold);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  flex-shrink: 0;
  display: block;
}

/* Member photo cards */
.member-photo-wrap {
  width: 72px;
  height: 72px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 2px solid var(--border);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.member-photo {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: top;
  display: block;
}
.photo-card { gap: 0.5rem; }

/* PI external links in team card */
.pi-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.6rem;
  margin-top: 0.8rem;
}
.pi-ext-link {
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--navy);
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: 0.2rem 0.6rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 2px;
  transition: background 0.15s, color 0.15s;
}
.pi-ext-link:hover { background: var(--navy); color: white; }

/* Interest pills (lighter style) */
.mem-pill.interest {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--navy);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
}
.areas-wrap { margin-top: 1.5rem; }

/* Conference list */
.conf-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; margin-top: 1rem; }
.conf-item {
  background: white;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-top: none;
  padding: 1.2rem 2rem;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 56px 1fr;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  align-items: start;
  transition: background 0.15s;
}
.conf-item:first-child { border-top: 1px solid var(--border); }
.conf-item:hover { background: var(--off-white); }
.conf-year {
  font-family: 'Merriweather', serif;
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--maroon);
  padding-top: 0.15rem;
}
.conf-body h4 {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--navy);
  line-height: 1.4;
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}
.conf-meta { font-size: 0.72rem; color: var(--text-muted); font-style: italic; }

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════
   MASTER'S SECTION — two-subsection layout
══════════════════════════════════════════════ */

/* Subsection label bar */
.masters-subsection-label {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.6rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--navy);
}
.masters-sub-icon {
  color: var(--maroon);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
}
.masters-sub-desc {
  font-weight: 400;
  font-style: italic;
  text-transform: none;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
}

/* ── Compact card grid (co-authored) ── */
.members-grid-sm {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
}
@media (max-width: 1024px) { .members-grid-sm { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); } }
@media (max-width: 768px)  { .members-grid-sm { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); } }

.member-card-sm {
  padding: 1rem 0.9rem;
  gap: 0.3rem;
}
.member-card-sm .member-photo-wrap {
  width: 52px;
  height: 52px;
}
.member-card-sm .member-name  { font-size: 0.82rem; }
.member-card-sm .member-role  { font-size: 0.58rem; }
.member-card-sm .member-desc  { font-size: 0.72rem; line-height: 1.55; }
.member-card-sm .member-topic { font-size: 0.65rem; padding-top: 0.35rem; }

/* Small placeholder to match compact grid */
.member-placeholder-sm {
  min-height: 110px;
  padding: 1rem;
  font-size: 0.7rem;
}
.member-placeholder-sm svg { width: 22px; height: 22px; }

/* ── Scrollable year-grouped list (project-only) ── */
.masters-scroll-box {
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 3px;
  max-height: 260px;
  overflow-y: auto;
  background: var(--white);

  /* Custom scrollbar */
  scrollbar-width: thin;
  scrollbar-color: var(--navy) var(--light-gray);
}
.masters-scroll-box::-webkit-scrollbar        { width: 6px; }
.masters-scroll-box::-webkit-scrollbar-track  { background: var(--light-gray); }
.masters-scroll-box::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb  { background: var(--navy); border-radius: 3px; }

.masters-year-group {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 90px 1fr;
  gap: 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}
.masters-year-group:last-child { border-bottom: none; }

.masters-year-label {
  padding: 0.85rem 1rem;
  font-family: 'Merriweather', serif;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--maroon);
  background: var(--off-white);
  border-right: 1px solid var(--border);
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  line-height: 1.3;
  position: sticky;
  /* not sticky horizontally, just visually anchored */
}

.masters-name-list {
  padding: 0.7rem 1rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.4rem 0.8rem;
  align-content: flex-start;
}

.masters-name {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--text);
  padding: 0.2rem 0.6rem;
  background: var(--off-white);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 20px;
  white-space: nowrap;
  transition: background 0.15s, border-color 0.15s;
}
.masters-name:hover {
  background: var(--light-gray);
  border-color: var(--navy);
  color: var(--navy);
}

/* ── Map contact layout ── */
#contact { padding: 5rem 0; background: var(--white); }
.contact-map-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 4rem;
  align-items: start;
}
.map-embed-wrap {
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 3px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  position: relative;
}
.map-embed-wrap::before {
  content: 'IISWBM — College Square West, Kolkata';
  display: block;
  background: var(--navy);
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 0.55rem 1rem;
  font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;
}
.map-embed-wrap iframe {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 380px;
  border: none;
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .contact-map-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2.5rem; }
}
/* ── Contact map layout ── */
#contact { padding: 5rem 0; background: var(--white); }
.contact-map-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 4rem;
  align-items: start;
}
.map-embed-wrap {
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 3px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.map-embed-wrap::before {
  content: 'IISWBM \2014  College Square West, Kolkata';
  display: block;
  background: var(--navy);
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 0.55rem 1rem;
  font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;
}
.map-embed-wrap iframe {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 380px;
  border: none;
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .contact-map-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2.5rem; }
}